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R. A. GHESEBROUGH.

ART OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING AND REVIVIFYING BONE BLACK. No. 249,004. Patented Nov. 1,1881.

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UNITED STATES Farenr @rrrcea ROBERT A. OHESEBROUGH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

THE ART OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING AND RE VIVIFYING BONE'BLACK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 249,004, dated November 1, 1881.

Application filed June 13, 1881.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ROBERT A. Cause BROUGH, ofthe city ofNew York, in the county and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in the Art of and Apparatus for Making and ltevivifying Bone-Black, of which the following is a specification.

A common way of making or reburn ing, or, as it is commonly termed, revivifying, boneblack is to place the bones or the bone-black to be reburned in pots and pile the said pots in an oven, and alter burning the said oven must be allowed to cool down while the pots are removed by hand, and the oven is again charged. The cooling of the oven each time the pots are to be changed, and the reheating of the oven alter charging, require considerable time and involve the loss of aconsiderable amount of heat and a corresponding increase in the consumption of fuel; and the object of my invention is to effect the removal of the contents of the oven and the recharging thereof in a very short time, thus preventing the escape ofany considerable quantity of heat and obviating the necessity of reheating the oven each time a charge is withdrawn.

Theinvention consists in subjecting the bone or bone-black to the burning or reburning operation in pots or receptacles placed on a car orcarriage which is run into and from the oven, so that it may be loaded with the said pots or receptacles and unloaded outside of the oven.

1n the accompanyingdrawings,Fignre 1- represents a vertical longitudinal section of an oven, a furnace, and a car embodying my invention, the car being represented as loaded ready to be run into the oven; and Fig. 2 represents a transverse vertical section of said (No model.)

material, and which divides thefurnace A from the oven B. The wall D is constructed with numerous small holes or perforations, through which the products of combustion enter the oven, and by said holes or perforations the products of combustion and hot air are widely distributed, so as to heat all parts of the oven equally as'far asis possible. After circulating through the oven the products of combustion pass out of an outlet pipe or fiue,c, which conducts them to a chimney.

The oven B, has a perforated wall, D, on one end only in this example of my invention; but, if found desirable, it might have similar walls upon the sides, through which theproducts of combustion could pass.

In the lower part of the oven B isa depressed portion, 13, the purpose of which will be hereinafter explained, and the end of the oven opposite the furnace A is closed by a door or doors, E, which may he hinged so as to open outward.

The car which I have here represented is composed simply of a platform, f, supported on wheeled trucks 9, or on any suitable number of simple axles and pairs of wheels, and said car is arranged to travel upon a track, h, which is laid within and without the oven, as seen in Fig. 1.

Upon the platforms fot' the car any desired number of bone-pots i may be placed in vertical tiers, so that the bottom of one pot serves as a cover to the pot below.

The car may be run into or out. of the oven 13 on the track It, and in said track outside the oven may be one or more switches leading to side tracks. Two or more cars are intended to be used, and while one car is in the oven another car may be unloaded and loaded with bone-pots for a new charge. When the contents of the bone-pots have been subjected to the heatot'the oven fora sufficientlength oftime the doors E are opened and the car, with its load, is run out of the oven and a loaded car run in, after which the doors are closed and the burning continued. This change can be effected in a very few minutes and without the necessity of any one entering the oven, and therefore there is no necessity of allowing the oven to cool before its contents can be removed and then again reheated, asis necessary where the bone-pots are placed in and removed from the oven by hand. A highly-heated oven of this kind requires a considerable time to cool and a corresponding time is required to reheat it; and by my invention 1 save all such time and also effect an important saving in fuel.

As clearly shown in Fig. 2, the depressed port-ion B of the oven is narrower than the main upper portion thereof, and receives the running-gear and all parts of the car below the platform f, and it is desirable to close the communication between the portion B and the main upper portion of the oven, both to keep the running-gear of the car comparatively cool and also to avoid heating unnecessary space. As clearly shown, the platform fof the car is wide enough to extend almost entirely across the oven from side to side, and is only enough narrower than the oven to enable it to be moved in and out; and said platform should also extend almosttheentirelength of the even, so that the least possible amount of heated air shall escape downward between the edges of the platform and the walls of the oven. To still further prevent the passage of heated air downward past the platform, I have shown ledges j in the sides of the depressed portion B of the oven, and in these ledges are sliding gates j, which fit closely against the under side of the car-platform f, and are inserted in place after the ear is run into the oven. The

side walls of the portion B of the oven may have in them ports or passages k for the admission of cool air to keep the space B as cool as is possible.

If desirable, the sides of the oven may be banked up with earth, as indicated by dotted outline in Fig. 2, to prevent the radiation of heat outward from the brick walls (3, in which case the ports or passages It should be continued through the earth, as also indicated in dotted lines.

As here shown, the car-platform f is hollow, andwhen so made and filled with fire-clay or other refractory and non-conducting material the amount of heat radiated from its under side is lessened.

By my invention I enable a greater amount of bone-black to be produced by a single oven, and I also effect an economy in the fuel used, and therefore enable bone-black to be more cheaply produced or reburned than heretofore.

VhatI claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

Asan improvement in the art of making and revivifying' bone-black, subjecting the bone or bone-black to the burning or rebnrning operation in pots or receptacles placed on a car or carriage which is run into and from the oven, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

ROI-ET. A. OHESEBROUGH.

Witnesses:

HENRY '1. BROWN, FREDK. I'IAYNES. 

